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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2021.176.7.095-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-1992</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПРАВО / JUS GENTIUM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL LAW / JUS GENTIUM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морской охраняемый район и иные зонально привязанные инструменты хозяйствования: международно-правовые проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marine Protected Areas and Other Zonally Linked Management Tools: International Legal Issues</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теймуров</surname><given-names>Э. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teymurov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Теймуров Эльвин Сахават оглы, кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры международного права</p><p>Садовая-Кудринская ул., д. 9, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvin S. Teymurov, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Department of International Law</p><p>ul. Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya, d. 9, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Теймуров Э.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Теймуров Э.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Teymurov E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/1992">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/1992</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработка нормативных основ установления морских охраняемых районов (МОР) и иных зональных инструментов хозяйствования обусловлена необходимостью установить их сущность — природоохранную или социально-экономически ориентированную; определить взаимодействие норм международного права окружающей среды и морского права; обеспечить гармонизацию правил учреждения МОР и их режимов в национальном и международном праве в целях учета характеристик экосистем. Исследование направлено на повышение эффективности установления МОР и иных зональных инструментов хозяйствования за счет гармонизации понятийного аппарата, выявления ключевых признаков морских охраняемых районов и их отграничения от смежных международно-правовых инструментов.Международные правовые акты определяют МОР как инструмент районирования, нацеленный исключительно на сохранение природной среды и биоразнообразия, в котором в зависимости от категории охраняемых районов Международным союзом охраны природы не допускается изъятие ресурсов за исключением традиционного промысла. Обозначенный подход вызывает коллизию видов использования биоразнообразия, невосприятие пользователями существенных ограничений деятельности, а также содержит риск превращения в политический инструмент ограничения деятельности государств.МОР являются разновидностью зонально привязанных инструментов хозяйствования. Они состоят из четко определенного географического пространства и применимых мер, влекущих сохранение окружающей среды. Необходим переход к более гибкой управленческой модели МОР, допускающей устойчивое использование биологических ресурсов района. МОР и иные зональные инструменты должны иметь многоцелевой характер. В большинстве случаев для их установления, помимо экологических характеристик, учитываются социально-экономические, научно-образовательные и культурные признаки пространства.Ошибочным является отождествление инструмента хозяйствования с пространством и исключение из него мер реагирования. Большинство актов обоснованно не содержит перечень охранных мер, оставляя простор для наиболее эффективного определения мер с учетом поставленных целей и факторов установления МОР. Однако представляется разумным определение в нормативных правовых актах порядка разрешения коллизий видов использования в рамках одного и между различными инструментами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of the legal framework for the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) and other zonal management tools is due to the need to establish their nature (environmental or socio-economically oriented); to determine the interaction of the norms of international environmental law and maritime law; to ensure the harmonization of the rules for the establishment of MPAs and their regimes in national and international law in order to take into account the characteristics of ecosystems. The research is aimed at improving the efficiency of establishing MPAs and other zonal management tools by harmonizing the conceptual apparatus, identifying key features of marine protected areas and separating them from related international legal instruments.International legal acts define the MPA as a zoning tool aimed exclusively at preserving the natural environment and biodiversity, in which, depending on the category of protected areas, the International Union for Conservation of Nature prohibit the withdrawal of resources except for traditional fishing. The indicated approach causes a conflict of types of use of biodiversity, non-perception by users of significant restrictions on activities, and contains the risk of becoming a political tool for restricting the activities of states.MPAs are a type of zonally linked management tools. They consist of a clearly defined geographical area and applicable measures that entail the preservation of the environment.It is necessary to move to a more flexible management model of MPAs, allowing for the sustainable use of the biological resources of the area. MPAs and other zonal tools should have a multi-purpose character. In most cases, in addition to environmental characteristics, socio-economic, scientific, educational and cultural characteristics of the space are taken into account to establish them.It is erroneous to identify the management tool with the space and exclude response measures from it. Most of the acts justifiably do not contain a list of protective measures, leaving room for the most effective definition of measures, taking into account the goals set and the factors of establishing MPAs. However, it seems reasonable to define in regulatory legal acts the procedure for resolving conflicts of types of use within the same and between different instruments.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морской охраняемый район</kwd><kwd>охраняемый район</kwd><kwd>зонально привязанный инструмент хозяйствования</kwd><kwd>особо уязвимый морской район</kwd><kwd>цели установления МОР</kwd><kwd>критерии установления МОР</kwd><kwd>природоохранные меры</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd><kwd>Международный союз охраны природы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marine protected area</kwd><kwd>protected area</kwd><kwd>zonally linked management tool</kwd><kwd>particularly vulnerable marine area</kwd><kwd>objectives of establishing MPAs</kwd><kwd>criteria for establishing MPAs</kwd><kwd>environmental measures</kwd><kwd>sustainable development</kwd><kwd>International Union for Conservation of Nature</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Всемирного фонда дикой природы в рамках грантового проекта № RU011322/2.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of the World Wildlife Fund under the grant project No. RU011322/2.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бекяшев Д. 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