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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2017.126.5.174-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-338</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРАВОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возмещение потерь в российском и зарубежном праве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Compensation for Losses in Russian and Foreign Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bogdanov.de@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>174</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богданов Д.Е., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богданов Д.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogdanov N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/338">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/338</self-uri><abstract><p>В России продолжается процесс реформирования гражданского законодательства. Одной из заметных тенденций в рамках данного процесса стало активное использование зарубежного опыта, что проявилось в рецепции многих иностранных институтов в Гражданский кодекс РФ. В отношении новеллы ст. 406.1 ГК РФ неоднократно была высказана позиция, что она направлена на включение в российское право института индемнити (indemnity). Однако категория indemnity является своеобразным «зонтиком», который охватывает широкий круг отношений, поскольку индемнити представляет собой метод, посредством которого право осуществляет распределение различных потерь. Например, договор страхования в англосаксонской литературе традиционно рассматривается как контракт, сущность которого заключается в предоставлении индемнити. Рассматриваемая новелла посвящена так называемым договорным индемнити, направленным на принятие должником на себя риска имущественных потерь, не связанных с нарушением своих обязательств. Диапазон указанной статьи не ограничивается только «гарантиями» в отношении действий третьих лиц, что свидетельствует о влиянии англосаксонского права. Однако разработчики ст. 406.1 ГК РФ лишили соглашение о возмещении потерь признака компенсационности, поскольку суд не может уменьшить размер возмещения потерь, за исключением случаев, если доказано, что сторона умышленно содействовала увеличению их размера. Правовая позиция Верховного Суда РФ возвращает соглашения о возмещении потерь в рамки «концепции точной защиты» (exact protection), что соответствует компенсационно-восстановительной функции гражданского права. Верховный Суд РФ продемонстрировал также «скрытое» применение правила contra proferentem в отношении толкования соглашений о возмещении потерь. В статье обосновывается вывод, что при толковании и оценке оговорок о возмещении потерь необходимо руководствоваться стандартами добросовестного и разумного поведения контрагентов, проверять такие договорные условия на предмет их соответствия критериям справедливости с учетом фактического соотношения переговорных возможностей контрагентов. В результате проведенного исследования можно утверждать, что индемнити является методом распределения имущественных потерь, проявлением компенсационной и распределительной функции гражданского права. В качестве отдельного правового института может рассматриваться только вопрос о соглашениях, направленных на возмещение имущественных потерь.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In Russia is still in the process of the civil law reforms. One of the most notable developments in this process has been the active application of foreign experience, which come out as the introduction of many foreign institutions into the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. In regard to the novelties to Art. 406.1 of the RF Civil Code it has repeatedly been expressed that it is intended to introduce the concept of indemnity into the Russian Law. However, the category of indemnity is a kind of an "umbrella" category, which covers a wide range of relationships, as the indemnity is a method by which the law allocates different losses. For example, the insurance contract in Anglo-Saxon literature has traditionally been seen as a contract, the essence of which is to provide "indemnity". The considered novelty deals with the so-called contractual indemnity, aimed at the adoption of the debtor on the risk of property loss, not related to the breach of their obligations. The range of this Article is not only limited to "guarantees" for the actions of third parties, indicating the influence of Anglo-Saxon law. However, the drafters of Art. 406.1 of the Civil Code has deprived an agreement for loss reimbursement of the compensation feature since courts can not reduce the size of the losses, unless it is proved that the party deliberately contributed to their increase. The legal position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation gets the agreement on compensation for losses in the framework of the "concept of accurate protection" (exact protection) which corresponds to the compensatory function of civil rights. The Supreme Court also demonstrated "hidden" application of the rule contra proferentem in regard of the interpretation of the agreements on compensation for losses. The article substantiates the conclusion that in interpreting and assessing reservations for losses it is necessary to be guided by the standards of good faith and reasonable conduct of contractors, to verify these contractual terms for compliance with criteria of fairness, taking into account the actual ratio of negotiating capacities. As a result of the research, it can be argued that the indemnity is the method of distribution of property losses, compensation and distribution functions of civil law. As a separate legal institution, it is possible to consider only the question of agreements for reimbursement of property losses.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реформа гражданского законодательства</kwd><kwd>возмещение потерь</kwd><kwd>обязательство</kwd><kwd>договор</kwd><kwd>убытки</kwd><kwd>предвидимость убытков</kwd><kwd>денежный долг</kwd><kwd>распределение договорных рисков</kwd><kwd>неравенство переговорных возможностей</kwd><kwd>договорная справедливость</kwd><kwd>добросовестность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>indemnity</kwd><kwd>the civil law reform</kwd><kwd>compensation for losses</kwd><kwd>indemnity</kwd><kwd>contract</kwd><kwd>obligation</kwd><kwd>loss</kwd><kwd>foreseeability</kwd><kwd>pecuniary debt</kwd><kwd>allocation of contractual risk</kwd><kwd>inequality of negotiating opportunities</kwd><kwd>contractual fairness</kwd><kwd>in good faith</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esin Orucu. 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