<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2024.206.1.032-053</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-3524</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЧАСТНОЕ ПРАВО / JUS PRIVATUM</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRIVATE LAW / JUS PRIVATUM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Правовой режим результатов, сгенерированных искусственным интеллектом: антропоцентризм vs. трансгуманизм в сфере права интеллектуальной собственности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Legal Regime of the AI Generated Results: Anthropocentrism vs. Transhumanism  in the Field of Intellectual Property Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богданов Дмитрий Евгеньевич, доктор юридических наук, профессор кафедры гражданского права); научный руководитель кафедры гражданско-правовых дисциплин  </p><p>д. 9, стр. 2, Садовая-Кудринская ул., г. Москва 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry E. Bogdanov, Dr. Sci. (Law), Professor, Department of Civil Law; Scientific Director, Department of Civil Law Disciplines</p><p>9, build. 2, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya St., Moscow 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">debogdanov@msal.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА); Донбасский государственный университет юстиции</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL); Donbass State University of Justice</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>77</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богданов Д.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богданов Д.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogdanov D.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/3524">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/3524</self-uri><abstract><p>Стремительное развитие технологий позволяет утверждать о наступлении новой промышленной революции. Одной из движущих сил данного процесса является технология искусственного интеллекта, оказывающая всё большее влияние на социально-экономические отношения, меняющая представления о пределах человеческих возможностей в сфере анализа и обработки информации. Роль искусственного интеллекта не ограничивается обработкой информации, поскольку его функционирование направлено и на генерирование креативного контента. В научной литературе указывается, что развитие технологии искусственного интеллекта приведет к «сейсмическим» социальным и экономическим последствиям, окажет разрушительное воздействие на законодательство, в частности в сфере интеллектуальной собственности. В статье отстаивается тезис, что технологическая и трансгуманистическая революция в праве интеллектуальной собственности не свершилась. Основанием права интеллектуальной собственности остается фундаментальная идея, что творцом является только человек. Результаты, сгенерированные искусственным интеллектом, по общему правилу должны оставаться в общественном достоянии, поскольку разработчики программного обеспечения с применением технологии искусственного интеллекта и его пользователи не вправе приватизировать интеллектуальное и культурное наследие человеческого общества. Неубедительны доводы авторов, считающих, что переход результатов, сгенерированных искусственным интеллектом, в сферу общественного достояния лишает разработчиков данной технологии экономических стимулов. Технологии искусственного интеллекта имеют свои экономические стимулы, оправдывающие инвестиции в данную сферу. Доказательством является новая практика провайдеров генеративного искусственного интеллекта по принятию на себя имущественных рисков своих пользователей. Можно констатировать, что складываются условия для установления общей модели деликтной ответственности за нарушение провайдерами генеративного интеллекта исключительных прав авторов и других правообладателей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rapid development of technology suggests the advent of a new industrial revolution. Artificial intelligence technology is one of the driving forces of this process that has an increasing impact on socioeconomic relations, changing ideas about the limits of human capabilities in the field of information analysis and data processing. The role of artificial intelligence is not limited to information processing, since its functioning is also aimed at generating creative content. The academic literature indicates that the development of artificial intelligence technology will lead to «seismic» social and economic consequences. It will have a devastating impact on legislation, in particular in the field of intellectual property. The paper defends the thesis that the technological and transhumanistic revolution in intellectual property law has not taken place. The fundamental idea that only a human is the creator provides the basis of intellectual property rights. As a general rule, the results generated by artificial intelligence should remain in the public domain, since neither software developers using artificial intelligence technology nor its users have the right to privatize the intellectual and cultural heritage of human society. The arguments of the authors, who believe that the transfer of the results generated by artificial intelligence into the public domain deprives the developers of this technology of economic incentives are unconvincing. Artificial intelligence technologies have their own economic incentives that justify investments in this area. The new practice of generative artificial intelligence providers to assume the property risks of their users justifies this approach. It can be stated that conditions are emerging for establishing a general model of tort liability for violation by generative intelligence providers of the exclusive rights of authors and other copyright holders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>право интеллектуальной собственности</kwd><kwd>автор</kwd><kwd>антропоцентризм</kwd><kwd>творческая деятельность человека</kwd><kwd>исключительное право</kwd><kwd>произведение</kwd><kwd>изобретение</kwd><kwd>технология искусственного интеллекта</kwd><kwd>трансгуманизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intellectual property law</kwd><kwd>author</kwd><kwd>anthropocentrism</kwd><kwd>human creative activity</kwd><kwd>exclusive right</kwd><kwd>work</kwd><kwd>invention</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence technology</kwd><kwd>transhumanism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богданов Е. В. Проблемы социализации и гуманизации гражданского законодательства России. М. : Проспект, 2023. 272 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abbott RB, Rothman E. Disrupting Creativity: Copyright Law in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Florida Law Review; 2022. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4185327.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гозенпуд А. А. Заметки о «Моцарте и Сальери» Пушкина // Временник Пушкинской комиссии. 2002. № 2. С. 171–180.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arvidsson M. Targeting, Gender, and International Posthumanitarian Law: Framing the Question of the Human in International Humanitarian Law. Australian Feminist Law Journal. 2018;44(1):9-28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дубровский Д. И. В театре Дэниэла Деннета (по поводу одной популярной концепции сознания) // Вопросы философии. 2003. № 7. С. 92–111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barad K. Posthumanist Performativity: Toward an Understanding of How Matter Comes to Matter. Signs. 2003;28(3):801-831.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Еременко В. И. О правовой охране смежных прав в Российской Федерации // Законодательство и экономика. 2012. № 2. С. 30–55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benassi J. Paradise Lost: Art Created by AI Is Ineligible for Copyright Protection. Available at: https://www.ipupdate.com/2022/03/paradise-lost-art-created-by-ai-is-ineligible-for-copyright-protection/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исаева М. В. Колористическая палитра фресок Ферапонтова монастыря // Вестник культуры и искусств. 2010. № 1 (21). С. 77–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogdanov EV. Problems of socialization and humanization of the civil legislation of Russia. Moscow: Prospekt Publ.; 2023. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кириллина Л. Бетховен и Сальери // Старинная музыка. 2000. № 2 (8). С. 15–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonadio E, McDonagh L. Artificial Intelligence as Producer and Consumer of Copyright Works: Evaluating the Consequences of Algorithmic Creativity. Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2020;2:112-137.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кирюхин Д. В. «Incipit Liber De naturis bestianum…» — Абердинский бестиарий на занятиях по латинскому языку // Преподаватель, XXI век. 2018. № 4. С. 247–254.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Braidotti R. Posthuman Knowledge. Cambridge: Polity Press; 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кутейников Д. Л., Ижаев О. А., Зенин С. С., Лебедев В. А. Киберфизические, кибербиологические и искусственные когнитивные системы: сущность и юридические свойства // Российское право: образование, практика, наука. 2019. № 3 (111). С. 75–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Braidotti R. The Posthuman. Cambridge: Polity Press; 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мартьянова Е. Ю. К вопросу об определении субъекта авторства в отношении произведений, созданных искусственным интеллектом // Пермский юридический альманах. 2019. № 2. С. 241–256.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charter N. The Mind Is Flat: The Illusion of Mental Depth and the Improvised Mind. New Haven: Yale University Press; 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маслов В. И., Лукьянов И. В. Четвертая промышленная революция: истоки и последствия // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 27, Глобалистика и геополитика. 2017. № 2. С. 38–48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choat S. Science, Agency and Ontology: A Historical-Materialist Response to New Materialism. Political Studies. 2018;66(4):1027-1042.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мачанов Д. Н. Критерии творческой деятельности или вклада объектов авторского права, созданных искусственным интеллектом // Образование и право. 2020. № 2. С. 333–335.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Craig CJ, Kerr IR. The Death of the AI Author. Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper (March 25, 2019). Ottawa Law Review. 2021;2(1):31-86. Available at: https://rdo-olr.org/2021/the-death-of-the-ai-author.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мерцалов А. В. Агентность, тождество личности и моральная ответственность // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 7, Философия. 2022. № 5. С. 72–90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Denicola RC. Ex Machina: Copyright Protection for Computer-Generated Works. Rutgers University Law Review. 2016;69:251-287.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Покровский И. А. История римского права. М. : Статут, 2004. 538 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dennett D. Consciousness Explained. Little Brown; 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Райгородский Л. Д. Пространство в искусстве Джотто // Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Искусствоведение. 2013. № 1. С. 117–124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubrovskiy DI. The Daniel Dennett’s Theater (about a Popular Concept of Consciousness). Voprosy Filosofii. 2003;7:92-111. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Райгородский Л. Д. Пространство в картинах Эль Греко // Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Искусствоведение. 2014. № 4. С. 96–105.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eremenko VI. On the legal protection of related rights in the Russian Federation. Zakonodatel’stvo i ekonomika. 2012;2:30-55. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рахматуллина Р. Ш. Использование технологии искусственного интеллекта и особенности охраны ее результатов // Образование и право. 2020. № 11. С. 173–177.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedorov YuM. Sum of anthropology. Book 2: Cosmo-anthropo-socioprodogenesis of Man. 2nd ed. Novosibirsk: Nauka Siberian Publishing Company of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 1996. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федоров Ю. М. Сумма антропологии. Кн. 2 : Космо-антропо-социоприродогенез Человека. 2-е изд. Новосибирск : Наука, Сибирская издательская фирма РАН, 1996. 833 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrante A, Sartori D. From Anthropocentrism to Post-Humanism in the Educational Debate. Relations. 2016;4(2):175-194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юм Д. Исследование о человеческом познании // Сочинения : в 2 т. М. : Мысль, 1996. Т. 2. С. 6–144.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gozenpud AA. Notes on «Mozart and Salieri» by Pushkin. Vremennik Pushkinskoj komissii. 2002;2:171-180. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abbott R. B., Rothman E. Disrupting Creativity: Copyright Law in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence // Florida Law Review. 2022. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4185327.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grear A. Deconstructing Anthropos: A Critical Legal Reflection on «Anthropocentric» Law and Anthropocene «Humanity». Law Critique. 2015;26:225-249.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arvidsson M. Targeting, Gender, and International Posthumanitarian Law: Framing the Question of the Human in International Humanitarian Law // Australian Feminist Law Journal. 2018. Vol. 44. № 1. P. 9–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenberg BA. Rethinking Technology Neutrality. Minnesota Law Review. 2015;100:1495-1562.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barad K. Posthumanist Performativity: Toward an Understanding of How Matter Comes to Matter // Signs. 2003. Vol. 28. № 3. P. 801–831.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grimmelmann J. There’s No Such Thing as a Computer-Authored Work — And It’s a Good Thing, Too. Columbia Journal of Law &amp; the Arts. 2016;3:403-416.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benassi J. Paradise Lost: Art Created by AI Is Ineligible for Copyright Protection // URL: https://www.ipupdate.com/2022/03/paradise-lost-art-created-by-ai-is-ineligible-for-copyright-protection/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hacker Ph. A Legal Framework for AI Training Data — From First Principles to the Artificial Intelligence Act.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonadio E., McDonagh L. Artificial Intelligence as Producer and Consumer of Copyright Works: Evaluating the Consequences of Algorithmic Creativity // Intellectual Property Quarterly. 2020. Iss. 2. P. 112–137.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Law, Innovation and Technology. March 18, 2020. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556598.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Braidotti R. Posthuman Knowledge. Cambridge : Polity, 2019. 210 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hepp A. Deep Mediatization. London: Routledge; 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Braidotti R. The Posthuman. Cambridge : Polity Press, 2013. 200 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoffman D. The Case Against Reality: How Evolution Hid the Truth from Our Eyes. London: Allen Lane; 2019.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charter N. The Mind Is Flat: The Illusion of Mental Depth and the Improvised Mind. New Haven : Yale University Press, 2019. 312 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hume D. Philosophical Essays Concerning Human Understanding. Essays: in 2 Vols. Vol. 2. Moscow: Mysl Publ.; 1996. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choat S. Science, Agency and Ontology: A Historical-Materialist Response to New Materialism // Political Studies. 2018. Vol. 66. № 4. P. 1027–1042.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isaeva MV. The color palette of frescoes of the Ferapontov Monastery. Culture and Arts Herrald. 2010;1(21):7781. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Craig C. J., Kerr I. R. The Death of the AI Author. Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper (March 25, 2019) // Ottawa Law Review. 2021. Vol. 52. Iss. 1. P. 31–86. URL: https://rdo-olr.org/2021/the-death-of-the-ai-author.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson J. Database Protection a Reality? How the Professional and Fantasy Sporting World Could Benefit from a Sui Generis Intellectual Property Right. Intellectual Property Journal. 2015;27(2):237-256.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Denicola R. C. Ex Machina: Copyright Protection for Computer-Generated Works // Rutgers University Law Review. 2016. Vol. 69. P. 251–287.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalpokiene J., Kalpokas, I. Creative encounters of a posthuman kind — anthropocentric law, artificial intelligence, and art. Technology in Society. 2023;72:102-197.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dennett D. Consciousness Explained. Little Brown, 2017. 528 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirillina L. Beethoven and Salieri. Starinnaya muzyka =Early music quarterly. 2000;2(8):15-19. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrante A., Sartori D. From Anthropocentrism to Post-Humanism in the Educational Debate // Relations. 2016. Vol. 4. № 2. P. 175–194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kiryukhin DV. «Incipit Liber De naturis bestianum…» — The Aberdeen Bestiary in Latin language classes. Prepodavatel, XXI vek. 2018;4:247-254. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grear A. Deconstructing Anthropos: A Critical Legal Reflection on «Anthropocentric» Law and Anthropocene «Humanity» // Law Critique. 2015. Vol. 26. P. 225–249.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuteynikov DL, Izhaev OA, Zenin SS, Lebedev VA. The nature and legal features of cyber-physical, cyberbiological and artificial cognitive systems. Rossijskoe Pravo. Obrazovanie, Praktika, Nauka = Russian Law: Education, Practice, Researches. 2019;3(111):75-81. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenberg B. A. Rethinking Technology Neutrality // Minnesota Law Review. 2015. Vol. 100. P. 1495–1562.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee H. Rethinking Creativity: Creative Industries, AI and Everyday Creativity. Media, Culture &amp; Society. 2022;44(3):601-612.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grimmelmann J. There’s No Such Thing as a Computer-Authored Work — And It’s a Good Thing, Too // Columbia Journal of Law &amp; the Arts. 2016. Iss. 3. P. 403–416.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litman J. Digital Copyright. Amherst: Prometheus Books: 2006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hacker Ph. A Legal Framework for AI Training Data — From First Principles to the Artificial Intelligence Act // Law, Innovation and Technology. March 18, 2020. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3556598.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lupton D, Watson A. Towards More-than-Human Digital Data Studies: Developing Research-Creation Methods. Qualitative Research. 2021;21(4):463-480.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hepp A. Deep Mediatization. London : Routledge, 2020. 260 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Machanov DN. Criteria for creative activity or contribution of copyright objects created by artificial intelligence. Education and Law. 2020;2:333-335. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffman D. The Case Against Reality: How Evolution Hid the Truth from Our Eyes. London : Allen Lane, 2019. 272 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Margulies JD, Bersaglio B. Furthering Post-Human Political Ecologies. Geoforum. 2018;94:103-106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson J. Database Protection a Reality? How the Professional and Fantasy Sporting World Could Benefit from a Sui Generis Intellectual Property Right // Intellectual Property Journal. 2015. Vol. 27. № 2. P. 237–256.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martianova EYu. On the issue of determining the subject of authorship in respect of works created by artificial intelligence. Perm Law Almanac. 2019;2:241-256. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalpokiene J., Kalpokas I. Creative encounters of a posthuman kind — anthropocentric law, artificial intelligence, and art // Technology in Society. 2023. Vol. 72. P. 102–197.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maslov VI, Lukyanov IV. The fourth industrial revolution: origins and consequences. Bulletin of the Moscow University. Series 27, Global Studies and Geopolitics. 2017;2:38-48. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee H. Rethinking Creativity: Creative Industries, AI and Everyday Creativity // Media, Culture &amp; Society. 2022. Vol. 44. № 3. P. 601–612.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mauthner NS. Toward a Posthumanist Ethics of Qualitative Research in a big data Era. American Behavioral Scientist. 2019;63(6):669-698.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Litman J. Digital Copyright. Amherst : Prometheus Books, 2006. 216 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mertsalov AV. Agency, personal identity, and moral responsibility. Bulletin of the Moscow University. Series 7, Philosophy. 2022;5:72-90. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lupton D., Watson A. Towards More-than-Human Digital Data Studies: Developing Research-Creation Methods // Qualitative Research. 2021. Vol. 21. Iss. 4. P. 463–480.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mezei P. From Leonardo to the Next Rembrandt — The Need for AI-Pessimism in the Age of Algorithms. UFITA. 2020;84(2):390-429.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Margulies J. D., Bersaglio B. Furthering Post-Human Political Ecologies // Geoforum. 2018. Vol. 94. P. 103–106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller V. Understanding Digital Culture. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications; 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mauthner N. S. Toward a Posthumanist Ethics of Qualitative Research in a big data Era // American Behavioral Scientist. 2019. Vol. 63. Iss. 6. P. 669–698.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moruzzi C. Artificial Creativity and General Intelligence. Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts. 2021;12(3):84-99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mezei P. From Leonardo to the Next Rembrandt — The Need for AI-Pessimism in the Age of Algorithms // UFITA. 2020. Vol. 84. № 2. P. 390–429.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nevejans N. European Civil Law Rules in Robotics. European Union; 2016. Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/571379/IPOL_STU(2016)571379_EN.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miller V. Understanding Digital Culture. Los Angeles : SAGE Publications, 2020. 310 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palace VM. What if Artificial Intelligence Wrote This? Artificial Intelligence and Copyright Law. Florida Law Review. 2019;71(1):217-242.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moruzzi C. Artificial Creativity and General Intelligence // Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts. 2021. Vol. 12. № 3. P. 84–99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pokrovskiy IA. The history of Roman law. Moscow: Statute Publ.; 2004. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nevejans N. European Civil Law Rules in Robotics. European Union, 2016. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/571379/IPOL_STU(2016)571379_EN.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakhmatullina RS. The use of artificial intelligence technology and the specifics of protecting its results. Education and Law. 2020;11:173-177. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palace V. M. What if Artificial Intelligence Wrote This? Artificial Intelligence and Copyright Law // Florida Law Review. 2019. Vol. 71. Iss. 1. P. 217–242.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramalho A. Will Robots Rule the (Artistic) World? A Proposed Model for the Legal Status of Creations by Artificial Intelligence Systems. Journal of Internet Law. 2017;(1):1-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramalho A. Will Robots Rule the (Artistic) World? A Proposed Model for the Legal Status of Creations by Artificial Intelligence Systems // Journal of Internet Law. 2017. Iss. 1. P. 1–25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raygorodskiy LD. Space in Giotto’s Art. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts. 2013;1:117-124. (In Russ.). Raygorodsky LD. Space in El Greco Paintings. Vestnik of St. Petersburg University. Arts. 2014;4:96-105. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ricketson S., Ginsburg J. С. International Copyright and Neighbouring Rights: The Berne Convention and Beyond. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2006. 1540 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ricketson S, Ginsburg JС. International Copyright and Neighbouring Rights: The Berne Convention and Beyond. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press; 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roden D. Posthumanism: Critical, Speculative, Biomorphic // The Bloomsbury Handbook of Posthumanism / M. R. Thomsen, J. Wamberg (eds). New York : Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. P. 81–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roden D. Posthumanism: Critical, Speculative, Biomorphic. In: Thomsen MR and Wamberg J (eds). The Bloomsbury Handbook of Posthumanism. New York: Bloomsbury Academic; 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Srinivasan K., Kasturirangan R. Political Ecology, Development and Human Exceptionalism // Geoforum. 2016. Vol. 75. P. 125–128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Srinivasan K, Kasturirangan R. Political Ecology, Development and Human Exceptionalism. Geoforum. 2016;75:125-128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomsen M. R., Wamberg J. Introduction // The Bloomsbury Handbook of Posthumanism / M. R. Thomsen, J. Wamberg (eds). New York : Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. P. 1–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomsen MR, Wamberg J. Introduction. In: Thomsen MR and Wamberg J (eds). The Bloomsbury Handbook of Posthumanism. New York: Bloomsbury Academic; 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zibner J. Artificial Intelligence: A Creative Player in the Game of Copyright // European Journal of Law and Technology. 2019. Iss. 1. P. 1–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zibner J. Artificial Intelligence: A Creative Player in the Game of Copyright. European Journal of Law and Technology. 2019;(1):1-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
