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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2018.134.1.083-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-493</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАВО ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СОЮЗА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Плюсы и минусы европейского гражданского процесса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pros and Cons of European Civil Procedure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терехов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terekhov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">victor@law-faculty.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вильнюсский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vilnius University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Терехов В.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Терехов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Terekhov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/493">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/493</self-uri><abstract><p>Европейский гражданский процесс - термин условный и обозначает наднациональную сферу сотрудничества и сближения норм гражданского процессуального права стран - участниц Европейского Союза. Сближение гражданских процессуальных норм имеет не только положительные аспекты, но и целый ряд проблем. Так, европейский гражданский процесс лишен внутренней структуры и не может быть назван комплексным образованием. Нормы права Европейского Союза в основном касаются сотрудничества стран, они лишены таких базовых понятий, как цели, задачи и принципы отрасли права, не регулируют доказательственную деятельность и судебное разбирательство. Развитие европейского гражданского процесса шло путем принятия самостоятельных актов по соответствующим вопросам, это позволяло решать сиюминутные проблемы, однако, когда подобных актов становится много, бессистемность тормозит дальнейшее развитие. Устранить проблемы возможно как принятием кодекса, так и путем принятия более специальных актов. Сфера действия европейского гражданского процесса ограничена трансграничными делами. Может возникнуть такая ситуация, при которой на национальном уровне нет аналога соответствующей «единой» процедуры, в связи с чем преимущества европейского гражданского процесса невозможно использовать во внутреннем споре. Невозможно их использование и в связях с третьими странами, кроме того, европейский проект процессуальной унификации противопоставляется общемировым усилиям по унификации и гармонизации процессуального права. Субъектный состав участников различается в зависимости от сферы сотрудничества, но перечень данных государств является закрытым, ни одно вновь вступающее в Европейский Союз государство не может подобный статус получить. Однако, учитывая, что европейский гражданский процесс не кодифицирован, данная ситуация все же подрывает единство «подлинного пространства правосудия». Отсутствует единое правовое основание для принятия процессуальных норм: компетенция Европейского Союза ограничена принципами субсидиарности и пропорциональности, что делает возможным принятие только таких правовых актов, которые имеют четко установленный правовой «базис» в учредительных договорах. Еще одной заметной проблемой является альтернативность части предписаний европейского гражданского процесса. Действующие Регламенты об общеевропейских процедурах не только являются автономными, но и альтерна+тивными (опциональными), что означает предоставление заявителю права выбора, в каком из порядков будет рассматриваться его дело: общеевропейском или национальном.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>European civil procedure is a conditional term that represents a supranational sphere of cooperation and harmonization of civil procedural law rules of the European Union Member States. Harmonization of civil procedural rules has not only positive, but also a number of negative aspects. Thus, European civil procedure is deprived of any internal structure and cannot be called a complex institution. European Union law rules mainly concern cooperation between States, they are deprived of such basic concepts as purposes, goals and principles of a branch of law, and do not regulate the procedure of proving and litigation. European civil procedure has developed through adoption of independent acts concerning relevant issues, which made it possible to resolve immediate problems, but when such acts become numerous, lack of systematization inhibits further development. Both the adoption of the Code and the adoption of more specific acts could help solve the problem. The scope of application of European civil procedure rules is limited to transboundary cases. A situation may arise when there is no any analogue of the relevant "unified" procedure at the national level. Thus, the advantages of the European civil procedure cannot be used to resolve a domestic case. It is impossible to use them with regard to third countries, moreover, the European project of procedural unification is opposed to the worldwide efforts on unification and harmonization of procedural law. Parties to the cooperation differ depending upon the sphere of cooperation, but the list of these States is exhaustive, none of the Sates intending to join the European Union can obtain such a status. However, given that the European civil procedure is not codified, this situation still undermines the unity of "a genuine European space of justice." There is no unified legal basis for the adoption of procedural rules: The competence of the European Union is limited by the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, which makes it possible to adopt only such legal acts that have a clearly established legal "basis" in constituent agreements. Another notable problem is optionality of some requirements of European civil procedure. The current European procedural regulations are not only autonomous, but also optional, which means that the applicant is granted the right to choose whether European or national procedures will be applied to deal with the case.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Европейский гражданский процесс</kwd><kwd>Регламенты</kwd><kwd>Директивы</kwd><kwd>Европейский Союз</kwd><kwd>трансграничные дела</kwd><kwd>гармонизация права</kwd><kwd>унификация права</kwd><kwd>наднациональное право</kwd><kwd>общеевропейские процедуры</kwd><kwd>национальное право</kwd><kwd>национальные суды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>European civil procedure</kwd><kwd>Regulations</kwd><kwd>Directives</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>transboundary cases</kwd><kwd>harmonization of law</kwd><kwd>unification of law</kwd><kwd>supranational law</kwd><kwd>European procedures</kwd><kwd>national law</kwd><kwd>national courts</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бирюков М. 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