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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2026.237.8.096-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-5546</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУКИ КРИМИНАЛЬНОГО ЦИКЛА / JUS CRIMINALE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRIMINAL LAW SCIENCES / JUS CRIMINALE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исключение доказательств, собранных с нарушением личных прав: поиск концептуальной основы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Exclusion of Evidence Collected in Violation of Personal Rights: In Search of a Conceptual Framework</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коновалов Сергей Геннадьевич, кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры уголовного процесса, правосудия и прокурорского надзора Юридического факультета</p><p>д. 1, Ленинские горы, ГСП-1, г. Москва 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey G. Konovalov, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Procedure, Justice and Prosecutorial Supervision, Faculty of Law</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sgkonovalov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>79</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коновалов С.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коновалов С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konovalov S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/5546">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/5546</self-uri><abstract><p>Автор рассматривает концепции, преследующие цель объяснить, почему доказательства, собранные с нарушением личных прав, должны исключаться, даже ценой истинности приговора. Выделяются четыре теории: 1) теория дисциплинирования органов расследования; 2) теория поддержания легитимности процесса; 3) теория полной защиты личных прав и 4) теория аннулирования несправедливых преимуществ. Отмечается, что первые две концепции не могут обосновать, почему исключение доказательств — лучшее решение. Классический способ дисциплинирования нарушителей — юридическая ответственность. При этом порицание неправомерных действий вполне может быть выражено в частном постановлении суда. Важно учитывать и риск обратного эффекта от исключения доказательств: нарушители могут не только не воспитываться, но и чувствовать себя безнаказанными, а легитимность правосудия может быть подорвана сознательным отходом от истины (оправданием виновного и наоборот). Объяснительная сила альтернативных теорий выше, но их действие ограничено строгими рамками. Автор приходит к выводу, что исключение доказательств не может служить ни универсальным инструментом, ни оптимальным способом защиты личных прав в уголовном процессе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The author explores concepts aimed at explaining why evidence collected in violation of personal rights should be excluded, even at the cost of the truth of the verdict. Four theories stand out: 1) the theory of disciplining investigative bodies; 2) the theory of maintaining the legitimacy of the process; 3) the theory of the full protection of personal rights and 4) the theory of the annulment of unfair advantages. It is noted that the first two concepts cannot justify why excluding evidence is the best solution. The classic way to discipline violators is through legal liability. At the same time, the condemnation of illegal actions may well be expressed in a private court decision. It is also important to consider the risk of a backlash effect resulting from the exclusion of evidence: offenders may not only fail to be deterred but may also feel impunity, and the legitimacy of justice may be undermined by a deliberate departure from the truth (by acquitting the guilty or, conversely, convicting the innocent). The explanatory power of alternative theories is higher, but their action is limited by strict limits. The author concludes that the exclusion of evidence cannot be either a universal tool or an optimal way to protect personal rights in criminal proceedings.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доказательства</kwd><kwd>уголовный процесс</kwd><kwd>права человека</kwd><kwd>личные права</kwd><kwd>исключение</kwd><kwd>допустимость</kwd><kwd>недопустимость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>evidence</kwd><kwd>criminal procedure</kwd><kwd>human rights</kwd><kwd>personal rights</kwd><kwd>exclusion</kwd><kwd>permissibility</kwd><kwd>inadmissibility</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Владимиров Л. Е. Учение об уголовных доказательствах. Тула, 2000. 464 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ambos K. Beweisverwertungsverbote. 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