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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2019.147.2.132-150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-677</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ / COMPARATIVE STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE STUDIES / COMPARATIVE STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные сценарии формирования территориальных автономий в современном мире (конституционно-правовой аспект)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Main Scenarios for the Formation of Territorial Autonomies in the Modern World (Constitutional and Legal Aspect)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ирхин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Irkhin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирхин Игорь Валерьевич, кандидат юридических наук, докторант кафедры государственного (конституционного) права Южного федерального университета, доцент кафедры теории и истории государства и права Кубанского государственного университета</p><p>350040, г. Краснодар, ул. Ставропольская, д. 149 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irkhin Igor Valerievich, PhD in Law, Doctoral Candidate of the Department of State (Constitutional) Law of the Southern Federal University, Associate Professor of the the Department of State and Law Theory and History of the Kuban State University</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dissertacia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный федеральный университет; &#13;
Кубанский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University; &#13;
Kuban State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>150</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ирхин И.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ирхин И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Irkhin I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/677">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/677</self-uri><abstract><p>В рамках анализа практик институционализации конституционно-правовых статусов территориальных автономий Боливии, Великобритании, Дании, Индии, Индонезии, Канады, КНР, Молдовы, Узбекистана, Финляндии по критериям оснований и способов их формирования указывается на наличие двух основных сценариев. Согласно первому территориальные автономии образуются на основе международных и национальных правовых актов. Второй сценарий предполагает формирование автономий на основе только национальных правовых актов.</p><p>В структуре первого сценария обособлены территориальные автономии, сформированные по итогам переговоров между сторонами конфликта (конфронтационная модель) и в директивном порядке (директивная модель). В структуре второго сценария выделены территориальные автономии, учрежденные по итогам переговоров на основе достижения компромисса мирным путем или вследствие конфронтации (консенсусная и конфронтационная модели), а также автономии, сформированные в одностороннем порядке (директивная модель).</p><p>Концептуальными требованиями успешной институционализации территориальной автономии обозначены следующие: наличие укоренившихся в обществе и государстве традиций демократии и верховенства права; установление реального режима внутреннего самоуправления; ограниченность материально-финансовых ресурсов и продуцируемая в связи с этим зависимость от государства; отсутствие споров о суверенитете; четкость формально-юридической конструкции конституционно-правового статуса; незначительная численность населения и территории автономии. При этом структура и содержание данных требований являются весьма подвижными, а потому могут комбинироваться в различном соотношении с неодинаковым удельным весом.</p><p>Характерными примерами наиболее стабильных территориальных автономий (с точки зрения территориальной целостности и единства государства), в которых указанные условия присутствуют в различных объемах, являются автономии Боливии, Аландские острова, Фарерские острова, Гонконг и Макао. К данной категории можно также отнести Каракалпакстан и Нунавут ввиду их тотальной зависимости от поддержки национальных правительств.</p><p>В свою очередь, потенциал для развития сепаратистских тенденций сохраняется в Великобритании (Шотландия, Северная Ирландия), Индии, Индонезии, КНР (Тибет), Молдове, на Филиппинах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>As part of the analysis of the practices of institutionalization of constitutional and legal status of territorial autonomies of Bolivia, Great Britain, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Canada, China, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Finland on the basis of the criteria and methods of their formation, it is indicated that there are two main scenarios. According to the first one, territorial autonomies are formed on the basis of international and national legal acts. The second scenario assumes the formation of autonomies based on national legal acts only.</p><p>In the structure of the first scenario, territorial autonomies formed as a result of negotiations between the parties to the conflict (confrontation model) and in the Directive order (Directive model) are separated. In the structure of the second scenario, territorial autonomies established following the negotiations on the basis a peaceful compromise or as a result of confrontation (consensus and confrontation models), as well as autonomies formed unilaterally (policy model) are highlighted.</p><p>The conceptual requirements for the successful institutionalization of territorial autonomy are as follows: the presence of rooted in society and the state traditions of democracy and the rule of law; the establishment of a real regime of internal self-government; limited material and financial resources and the resulting dependence on the state; the absence of disputes about sovereignty; clarity of the formal legal structure of the constitutional legal status; small population and the territory of autonomy. In this case, the structure and content of these requirements are very mobile, and therefore can be combined in different proportions with different specific gravity.</p><p>Typical examples of the most stable territorial autonomies (in terms of territorial integrity and unity of the state), in which these conditions are present in different volumes, are the autonomies of Bolivia, the Aland Islands, the Faroe Islands, Hong Kong and Macao. This category can also include Karakalpakstan and Nunavut because of their total dependence on the support of national governments.</p><p>In turn, the potential for the development of separatist tendencies remains in the UK (Scotland, Northern Ireland), India, Indonesia, China (Tibet), Moldova, and the Philippines.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конституция</kwd><kwd>генезис</kwd><kwd>территориальная автономия</kwd><kwd>конституционноправовой статус</kwd><kwd>сепаратизм</kwd><kwd>автономизация</kwd><kwd>государственное единство и территориальная целостность</kwd><kwd>территория</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>идентичность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>constitution</kwd><kwd>genesis</kwd><kwd>territorial autonomy</kwd><kwd>constitutional and legal status</kwd><kwd>separatism</kwd><kwd>autonomy</kwd><kwd>state unity and territorial integrity</kwd><kwd>territory</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>identity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ахунджанов Л. 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