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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2019.149.4.056-067</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-722</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ ПРАВА / THEORIA LEX</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY OF LAW / THEORIA LEX</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фактор принуждения в контексте «мягкого права» </article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Coercion Factor in the Context of "Soft Law"</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор юридических наук, профессор кафедры коммерческого, предпринимательского и финансового права.</p><p>     660075,  г. Красноярск, ул. Маерчака, д. 6. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Law, Professor of the Department of Commercial,  Entrepreneurial and Financial Law.</p><p>660075,  Krasnoyarsk, ul. Maerchaka, d. 6.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demin2002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гройсман</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Groysman</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный ассистент кафедры теории государства и права юридического факультета.</p><p>1504, Болгария, г. София, бул. Цар Освободител, д. 15.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Chief Assistant of the Department of Theory of the State and Law of the  Faculty of Law.</p><p>1504, Bulgaria, Sofia, bul. Tsar Osvoboditel, d. 15.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.groysman@abv.bg</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский федеральный университет.</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Federal University.</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Софийский университет имени Святого Климента Охридского (Болгария).</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Clement Ohrid University of Sofia (Bulgaria).</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демин А.В., Гройсман С.Е., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демин А.В., Гройсман С.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demin A.V., Groysman S.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/722">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/722</self-uri><abstract><p>Авторы статьи поднимают вопросы о факторах, обусловливающих соблюдение актов «мягкого права» заинтересованными участниками социальных взаимодействий. При этом soft law определяется как совокупность формализованных общих положений (норм, принципов, критериев, стандартов), которые не имеют юридически обязательной природы, не обеспечены официальными санкциями и соблюдаются добровольно в силу авторитетности их создателей, заинтересованности адресатов и целенаправленного социального «давления», которое оказывает на потенциальных (и фактических) нарушителей соответствующее сообщество. Ключевая проблема, возникающая в контексте «мягкого права», заключается в том, может ли существовать право без государственного принуждения? Если «мягкое право» не обеспечено санкциями публичновластного характера, то каким образом поддерживается его обязательность (валидность)? Является ли государственное принуждение — в виде прямого насилия или его угрозы — атрибутивным признаком правовой нормы? Именно от решения этих вопросов зависят включение (или невключение) «мягко-правовых» норм в национальные правовые системы, их применение судами и иными правоприменительными органами, авторитет и привлекательность soft law как регуляторной системы и т.д. Акты «мягкого права» формально не относятся к источникам права, не содержат юридически обязательных положений, подкрепленных государственными санкциями, но имеют некоторую юридическую значимость (иногда существенную) и иногда — правовые последствия. В конечном счете авторами сделан вывод о том, что по своей природе «мягкое право» per se не является юридически обязательным, но факты всеобщего признания и применения на практике (прежде всего со стороны судов и иных правоприменяющих органов) придают «мягко-правовым» инструментам de facto обязывающий характер.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors raise issues concerning the factors that determine compliance with the acts of “soft law” by participants of social interactions. At the same time, soft law is defined as a set of formalized general rules (norms, principles, criteria, standards) that do not have a legally binding nature, are not provided with official sanctions and are observed voluntarily due to the authority of their makers, the interest of the addressees and targeted social “pressure” that is put by the community on potential (and actual) violators. A key issue that arises in the context of “soft law” is whether law can exist without state coercion? If soft law is not secured by sanctions of a public-power nature, how is its binding character (validity) maintained? Is state coercion — in the form of direct violence or its threat — an attribute of a legal norm? The inclusion (or non-inclusion) of “soft law” norms in national legal systems, their application by courts and other law enforcement bodies, the authority and attractiveness of soft law as a regulatory system, etc., depend on the solution of these questions. Acts of “soft law” formally do not belong to the sources of law, do not contain legally binding provisions backed by state sanctions, but have some legal significance (sometimes essential) and sometimes — legal consequences. Ultimately, the authors conclude that by its nature, “soft law” per se is not legally binding, but the facts of universal recognition and application (primarily by the courts and other law enforcement agencies) give soft law instruments de facto binding character.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>soft law</kwd><kwd>hard law</kwd><kwd>позитивизм</kwd><kwd>норма</kwd><kwd>принуждение</kwd><kwd>добровольность</kwd><kwd>глобализация</kwd><kwd>постмодерн</kwd><kwd>санкционирование</kwd><kwd>легитимность</kwd><kwd>валидность</kwd><kwd>регуляторная функция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft law</kwd><kwd>hard law</kwd><kwd>positivism</kwd><kwd>norm</kwd><kwd>coercion</kwd><kwd>voluntariness</kwd><kwd>globalization</kwd><kwd>postmodern</kwd><kwd>authorization</kwd><kwd>legitimacy</kwd><kwd>validity</kwd><kwd>regulatory function</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фогельсон Ю. 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