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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2019.151.6.080-091</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-807</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОМ / GENOME</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENOME / GENOME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Технология биопринтинга как легальный вызов: определение модели правового регулирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bioprinting Technology as a Legal Challenge: Determining the Model of Legal Regulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богданов Дмитрий Евгеньевич, доктор юридических наук, профессор кафедры гражданского права</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>BOGDANOV Dmitry Evgenevich, Doctor of Law, Professor of the Department of Civil Law</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">debogdanov@msal.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богданов Д.Е., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богданов Д.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogdanov D.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/807">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/807</self-uri><abstract><p>Технология 3D-печати порождает серьезные вызовы правовой системе, которая в своем развитии отстает от научно-технического прогресса. Развитие технологии 3D-печати ведет к «диджитализации» объектов материального мира, происходит стирание границ между физическим миром и цифровым пространством. Если 3D-принтинг диджитализирует объекты материального мира, то биопринтинг диджитализирует тело человека. Человек начинает зависеть от цифрового воплощения своего тела или его отдельных органов в соответствующих электронных 3D-моделях.</p><p>Биопринтинг направлен на формирование новой медицинской парадигмы, которая позволит преодолеть дефицит органов и тканей человека в сфере трансплантологии. Открытие возможности перепрограммирования дифференцированных клеток и получение индуцированных плюропотентных стволовых клеток устраняет этическую и правовую проблему, связанную с использованием стволовых клеток эмбриона. Это должно быть учтено при выработке модели правового регулирования отношений, связанных с созданием биопринтных органов человека.</p><p>Биопринтные органы являются синтетическими органами, поэтому отношения, связанные с их созданием и имплантацией, нуждаются в самостоятельном правовом регулировании. Современное законодательство о трансплантологии с предусмотренными в нем запретами не учитывает особенности создания органов посредством трехмерного биопринтинга. Представляется допустимой коммерциализация отношений в сфере биопринтинга, возможность совершения возмездных сделок в данной сфере, а также ограниченный оборот «биопринтных» органов — путем распространения на них режима объектов гражданского права.</p><p>Законодательство о биомедицинских клеточных продуктах также не способно урегулировать отношения, связанные с созданием и имплантацией биопринтных человеческих органов. Возникает необходимость в принятии специального законодательного акта, направленного на регулирование отношений, возникающих на всех стадиях использования технологии биопринтинга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The technology of 3D printing creates serious challenges to the legal system that in its development is lagging behind scientific and technological progress. The development of 3D printing technology leads to the «digitalization» of objects of the material world when the boundaries between the physical world and the digital space are blurred. If 3D printing digitalizes objects of the material world, bioprinting digitalizes the human body. An individual tends to depend on the digital incarnation of his body or its individual organs in the corresponding electronic 3D models.</p><p>Bioprinting is aimed at the formation of a new medical paradigm that will result in overcoming the deficiency of human organs and tissues in the field of transplantology. The discovery of the possibility of reprogramming differentiated cells and obtaining induced pluripotent stem cells eliminates the ethical and legal problem associated with the use of stem cells of the embryo. This should be taken into account in the development of a model of legal regulation of relations connected with the creation of bio-print human organs.</p><p>Bioprint organs are synthetic organs, so the relations associated with their creation and implantation need independent legal regulation. Contemporary transplantology legislation and bans and prohibitions contained in it do not take into account the features of the creation of organs through 3D bioprinting. It is acceptable to commercialize relations in the field of bioprinting, to perform non-gratuitous transactions in this area, as well as to permit limited turnover of «bioprinting» organs subjecting them to the regulation applied to any other objects of civil law. Legislation on biomedical cellular products is also not able to regulate relations related to the creation and implantation of bio-printed human organs. Thus, the need arises to adopt a special legislative act aimed at regulating relations at all stages of the use of bioprinting technology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>технология 3D-печати</kwd><kwd>биопринтинг</kwd><kwd>биопринтный орган</kwd><kwd>тканевая инженерия</kwd><kwd>биомедицинский клеточный продукт</kwd><kwd>индуцированная плюрипотентная стволовая клетка</kwd><kwd>эмбрион</kwd><kwd>трансплантология</kwd><kwd>донорство</kwd><kwd>оборот органов и тканей человека</kwd><kwd>правовое регулирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>3D printing technology</kwd><kwd>bioprinting</kwd><kwd>bioprinting organ</kwd><kwd>tissue engineering</kwd><kwd>biomedical cell product</kwd><kwd>induciable pluripotent stem cell</kwd><kwd>embryo</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd><kwd>donation</kwd><kwd>turnover organs and tissues of the person</kwd><kwd>legal regulation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ врамках научного проекта №18-29-14027мк «Концепция правового регулирования отношений по проведению геномных исследований в сфере создания и использования биопринтных человеческих органов».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of RFBR within the framework of the scientific project No. 18-29-14027 mk «The Concept of Legal Regulation of Relations concerning Genomic Research in the Field of creation and Use of Bioprintic Human Organs».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Готье С. 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