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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2016.114.5.184-192</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРАВОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЙ СУД И ПРОБЛЕМА ВОСПРИЯТИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА: КОМПАРАТИВИСТСКОЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>European Court and the problem of perception of state sovereignty: comparative measurement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саломатин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salomatin</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">valeriya_zinovev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наквакина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nakvakina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">katrion84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Пензенский государственный университет</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>184</fpage><lpage>192</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саломатин А.Ю., Наквакина Е.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саломатин А.Ю., Наквакина Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salomatin A.Y., Nakvakina E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/88">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/88</self-uri><abstract><p>Европейский суд справедливости, созданный в начале 1950-х гг., значительно расширил свои полномочия. Главным фактором экспансии европейского права стали обращения национальных судов в Европейский суд за разъяснениями (в 1993-2009 гг. имело место от 200 до 300 преюдициальных запросов в год, с 2010 г. их число выросло до 400 и даже превысило эту цифру, что, однако, не так много на три десятка стран-членов). Суд признал появление системы европейского права в 1960-е гг. (дела Van Gend en Loos v. Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen; Costa v. ENEL; International Handelsgesellschaft). Он утвердил принцип свободного перемещения товаров и услуг в 1970-е. Особую известность получили такие решения, как «Дассонвилль», «Кассис де Дижон», «Омега». В 1990-е Суд уделил еще большее внимание гуманитарным проблемам. Но далеко не все решения судебного органа являются государственно ориентированными. В основном не учитываются государственные интересы в двух категориях дел: 1) связанных с вмешательством в компетенцию стран-членов под предлогом защиты фундаментальных принципов европейского права и 2) относящихся к расширительной трактовке гражданства Евросоюза. Эти сферы жизни являются особенно противоречивыми для определенных государств, национальных бюджетов и суверенитета (потенциально причиняющим беспокойство в будущем как искусственно стимулирующим иммиграцию является дело Gerardo Riuz Zambrano v. Office national de l'emploi). То же можно сказать и о трудовых спорах, которые ущемляют права профсоюзов (обратим внимание на дела Viking Line; Laval). Иногда определенные государства, политики и юристы возмущаются судебной экспансией. Национальные суды редко обнаруживают открытое недовольство решениями Европейского суда, но, судя по всему, воздерживаются от того, чтобы делать преюдициальные запросы в массовом порядке. Общественное мнение Европы все меньше и меньше доверяет Европейскому суду справедливости. Особенно это актуально для Греции, Испании, Италии, Португалии, Великобритании, Кипра (уровень доверия только около 30-35 % или меньше).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The European Court of Justice, created in the early 1950s, has significantly expanded its powers. The main factor in the expansion of European law was national courts addressing the European Court of Justice for interpretations (in 19932009 saw from 200 to 300 prejudicial inquiries per year; the number has risen up to 400 and even exceeded this figure since 2010, which is not that much for three dozens of member states). The court recognized the emergence of the European legal system in the 1960s. (Case Van Gend en Loos v. Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen; Costa v. ENEL; International Handelsgesellschaft). It approved the principle of free movement of goods and services in 1970. Such court decisions as "Dassonvill","Cassis de Dijon","Omega" became quite well-known. In the 1990s, the Court paid even more attention to humanitarian issues. However, not all the decisions of judicial authority are public oriented. Basically, they do not count the state's interests in two types of cases: 1) associated with the intervention of the Member States jurisdiction under the pretext of protection of the fundamental principles of European law, and 2) relating to the interpretation of the expansion of the European Union citizenship. These spheres of life are particularly controversial for certain countries, national budgets and the sovereignty (potentially troublesome in the future as an artificially stimulating immigration is the case of Gerardo Riuz Zambrano v. Office national de l'emploi). The same are the cases of labor disputes that undermine trade union rights (pay attention to the Viking Line case; Laval). Sometimes, certain states, politicians and lawyers angered by the judicial expansion. National courts rarely show open discontent of the European Court, but apparently refrain from making prejudicial questions en masse. Public opinion in Europe shows less and less confidence in the European Court of Justice. This is especially true for Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, the UK, Cyprus (confidence level is only about 30-35% or less).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>евроинтеграция</kwd><kwd>судебная система Евросоюза</kwd><kwd>Европейский суд справедливости</kwd><kwd>экспансия судебных полномочий</kwd><kwd>решения Европейского суда по экономическим спорам</kwd><kwd>решения Европейского суда по гуманитарным и социальным проблемам</kwd><kwd>регулирование иммиграции в Евросоюзе</kwd><kwd>суверенитет европейских государств</kwd><kwd>европейское общественное мнение</kwd><kwd>недоверие к Европейскому суду справедливости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>European integration</kwd><kwd>EU court system</kwd><kwd>European Court of Justice</kwd><kwd>expansion of judicial powers</kwd><kwd>decisions of European Court on economical disputes</kwd><kwd>decisions of European Court on humanitarian and social problems</kwd><kwd>sovereignty of European countries</kwd><kwd>European public opinion</kwd><kwd>impeachment of European Court of Justice</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tamm D. 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