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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">lexrussica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Lex russica</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lex Russica</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-5920</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7869</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSAL</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/1729-5920.2019.154.9.119-129</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">lexrussica-931</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОМ / GENOME</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENOME / GENOME</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Правовая основа создания системы предупреждения генного допинга и противодействия генетическим модификациям в спорте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal Basis for the Creation of a System for Preventing Gene Doping and Countering Genetic Modification in Sport</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор юридических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры трудового права и права социального обеспечения</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Law, Professor of the Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labourlaw@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронцов</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorontsov</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат юридических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Law, Senior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vorontsov3339@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевченко О.А., Воронцов Д.И., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевченко О.А., Воронцов Д.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevchenko O.A., Vorontsov D.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/931">https://lexrussica.msal.ru/jour/article/view/931</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена изучению ключевых факторов, лежащих в основе выстраивания сбалансированной системы правовых норм, направленных на предупреждение генного допинга и противодействие распространению генетических модификаций спортсменов. В статье исследуются цели противодействия допингу как таковому и ставится акцент на опасностях и потенциальном вреде для сферы спорта такой относительно новой угрозы, как генный допинг. В работе рассматриваются подходы к пониманию генной терапии, а также перспективы встраивания противодействия генному допингу в существующие правовые механизмы, в том числе возможность применения механизма терапевтических исключений (TUE). Изучаются действующие подходы к определению сущности допинга и определяется, почему генная терапия имеет значительный риск признания таковым. Обозначаются риски и угрозы для сферы спорта, вызванные продолжающимся развитием генетических технологий и распространением их применения. Затрагиваются возможные последствия использования результатов генетических исследований, а также применения генной терапии, которые могут воздействовать на сферу спорта. Изучаются вопросы ответственности за использование генного допинга, субъекты, по отношению к которым могут устанавливаться соответствующие санкции, а также исследуется вопрос применения институтов государственного принуждения к отдельным субъектам, без участия которых применение генного допинга стало бы невозможным. Вместе с тем в работе сформулированы проблемы, которые нужно решить в ближайшей перспективе, чтобы обеспечить превентивный характер борьбы с генным допингом в спорте, а также обозначены вопросы, на которые общество должно ответить для формирования системы противодействия генному допингу. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper is devoted to the study of the key factors underlying the building of a balanced system of legal norms aimed at preventing gene doping and countering the spread of genetic modifications of athletes. The paper explores the goals of countering doping as such and focuses on the dangers and potential harm to the sports of such a relatively new threat as gene doping. The authors discuss approaches to understanding gene therapy, as well as the prospects of embedding resistance to gene doping in existing legal mechanisms, including the possibility of using the mechanism of therapeutic exceptions (TUE). The current approaches to the definition of the essence of doping are studied and it is determined why gene therapy has a significant risk of being recognized as such. The risks and threats to the sphere of sport caused by the ongoing development of genetic technologies and the spread of their application are outlined. The possible consequences of the use of the results of genetic research, as well as the use of gene therapy, which may affect the field of sports, are discussed. The authors study issues of responsibility for the use of gene doping, subjects against which appropriate sanctions can be imposed, as well as the issue of the application of state coercion to individual subjects, without which the use of gene doping would be impossible. At the same time, the paper formulates the problems that need to be solved in the short term to ensure the preventive nature of the fight against gene doping in sport, and identifies the questions that society must answer to form a system of countering gene doping.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>права человека</kwd><kwd>спортивное право</kwd><kwd>спортсмен</kwd><kwd>генная терапия</kwd><kwd>генетические модификации</kwd><kwd>генный допинг</kwd><kwd>запрещенные методы</kwd><kwd>ВАДА</kwd><kwd>TUE</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human rights</kwd><kwd>sports law</kwd><kwd>athlete</kwd><kwd>gene therapy</kwd><kwd>genetic modification</kwd><kwd>gene doping</kwd><kwd>prohibited methods</kwd><kwd>WADA</kwd><kwd>TUE</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-29-14082 по теме «Построение правовых моделей регулирования генетических модификаций спортсменов и противодействия генному допингу в спорте».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Research Project No. 18-29-14082 «The Construction of Legal Models of Regulation of Genetic Modification of Athletes and Anti-Gene Doping in Sports».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gene Therapy.Net. — URL: http://www.genetherapynet.com/JoomlaTest2/index.php?option=com_content &amp;view=article&amp;id=164:diseases-treated-with-gene-therapy-&amp;catid=97:patient-information&amp;Itemid=14 (дата обращения: 03.03.2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gene Therapy.Net. 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