The Legal Idea in the History of the Teachings of the State and Law: Concept, Place and Meaning

The paper defines the place of the legal idea in the subject area of the history of political and legal doctrines. It is proved that the legal idea in the history of the teachings of the state and law is a form of theoretical knowledge in the history of the phenomena of politics, state and law, reflecting knowledge, assessment and transformation of the state-legal reality. Knowledge, evaluation, and application components are distinguished as part of the legal idea. A legal idea is an integral part of a political and legal doctrine or theory. The legal idea in the legal concept of the past forms the system-forming structure underlying it. Legal ideas constitute the very essence of the legal doctrine and determine its structure. Political and legal doctrine as a cognitive tool in the history of political and legal doctrines is able to reflect the most fundamental legal ideas in order to explain them in the form of an integrated structure based on modern knowledge of jurisprudence. The knowledge component of legal ideas is reflected in the conceptual and categorical component of the doctrine, the evaluative and transformative part of legal ideas are in the programmatic part of the political and legal doctrine. The importance of the study of legal ideas lies in the possibility of organizing knowledge about the forms of historical knowledge of state-legal phenomena, as well as in an adequate interpretation of both individual legal thoughts of the past and the totality of legal ideas forming a political and legal doctrine.

1. Alekseev SS. Law on the threshold of the new millennium: Some trends in global legal development — hope and drama of the modern era, Moscow: Statut Publ.; 2000. (In Russ.).

2. Alekseev SS. Law. The ABC. Theory. Philosophy: The experience of comprehensive research. Moscow: Statut Publ.; 1999. (In Russ.).

3. Alekseev SS. Theory of law. 2nd ed., rev. and suppl. Moscow: Bek Publ.; 1995.

4. Avernitsev SS, Arab-Oglu EA, Ilyichev LF, et al., editors. Philosophical Encyclopedic dictionary. 2nd ed. Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia; 1989. (In Russ.).

5. Cherdantsev AF. Logical-linguistic phenomena in jurisprudence: A monograph. Moscow: Norma, Infra‑M Publ.; 2016. (In Russ.).

6. Frolova EA. The history of political and legal doctrines: A classificatory and evaluative legal Science. Sinergiya. 2018;2:13-18. (In Russ.).

7. Grafskiy VG. Comparative history of political and legal ideas and views as a scientific problem. Proceedings of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2010;3:100-119. (In Russ.).

8. Grafskiy VG. History of political and legal doctrines: A textbook. Moscow: Norma, Infra‑M Publ.; 2022. (In Russ.).

9. Grafsky VG, Gratsiansky PS, Deev NN, et al. Political teachings: History and modernity. Pre-Marxist political thought. Graziansky PS, Guliyev VE, Nersesyants VS, editors. Moscow: Nauka Publ.; 1976. (In Russ.).

10. Ivin AA. The foundations of the evaluation logic. Moscow: Publishing House of Moscow State University; 1970. (In Russ.).

11. Kopnin PV. Dialectics as logic and theory of knowledge. The experience of logical and epistemological research. Moscow; 1973. (In Russ.).

12. Lazarev VV, editor. The history of political and legal doctrines: A textbook. 3nd ed., rev. and suppl. Moscow: Norma: Infra‑M Publ.; 2019. (In Russ.).

13. Leista OE, editor. The history of political and legal doctrines. The Pre-Marxist period: A textbook. Moscow: Jurid. lit. Publ.; 1991. (In Russ.).

14. Leista OE, editor. The history of political and legal doctrines: A textbook for universities. Moscow: Zertsalo Publ.; 2006. (In Russ.).

15. Lipen SV. The history of the teachings of law and the state: Relevant problems of determining the directions of scientific knowledge development. Aktualnye problemy gosudarstva i prava [Current Issues of the State and Law]. 2012;3(24):28-36. (In Russ.).

16. Lukovskaya DI. The subject and methodology of the history of political and legal doctrines. Izvestiya vysshih uchebnikh zavedeniy. Pravovedenie. 2007;3(272):197-211. (In Russ.).

17. Marchenko MN, editor. The history of political and legal doctrines: A textbook. Moscow; 2019. (In Russ.).

18. Nersesyants VS, editor. Historical and legal research: Problems and prospects. A collection of articles. Moscow; 1982. (In Russ.).

19. Nersesyants VS, editor. The history of political and legal doctrines. Moscow: Yuridicheskaya literatura Publ.; 1983. (In Russ.).

20. Nersesyants VS, editor. The history of political and legal doctrines: A textbook for universities. 4th ed., rev. and suppl. Moscow: Norma Publ.; 2004. (In Russ.).

21. Nersesyants VS. History of political and legal doctrines: A textbook. Vol 1. Moscow: Norma: Infra‑M Publ.; 2018. (In Russ.).

22. Nersesyants VS. The history of political and legal doctrines: A textbook for universities. Moscow: Norma: Infra‑M Publ.; 2024. (In Russ.).

23. Perevalov VD. Legal doctrine: Problems of formation and implementation: A monograph. Moscow: Norma: Infra‑M Publ.; 2023. (In Russ.).

24. Skinner Q. The Foundations of Modern Political Thought. Vol. 1: The Renaissance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1998.

25. Syrykh VM. History and methodology of legal science: A textbook. 2nd ed., rev. and suppl. Moscow: Norma, Infra‑M Publ.; 2022. (In Russ.).