Ontology (Existence) of Law in Modern Realities of Legal Regulation of Socially Oriented Economy

The paper analyzes philosophical and philosophical and legal approaches to the definition of such concepts as ontology of law and existence of law in the history of world legal thought. The author has elucidated the views on the ontology of law in the history of the Ancient World, Middle Ages, New and Modern Times. Thus, the doctrine of existence was central to the philosophical and legal constructions of Antiquity. In the Middle Ages, ontology was associated only with God, in the era of modern times the existence of law, depending on the philosophical and legal doctrine, was defined as an absolute idea, as a manifestation of the will of the State, as rights of the individual, or as the Divine Providence. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of various approaches to the definition of the content of ontology (existence) of law in economic law as a new innovative component of the Russian system of law in the era of an information society. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of ontology of law in natural legal and positivistic doctrines of legal understanding, the general and special features of the content of ontology of law in philosophical and legal doctrines of the past. The 19th-20th centuries witnessed the development of a “new philosophy” focused on scientific and technological progress creating a new economic reality, when the existence of law is presented as an object of ontology in the unity of interpretations of the objective and subjective giving the opportunity to know the reality in its various hypostasis. The legal environment as a subject matter of the philosophy of law at the present stage of development of the digital economy focuses primarily on propaedeutics and characterization of property rights as a necessary condition of the development of modern society. The author has come to a reasonable conclusion that in the framework of the Russian ontology of law it is necessary to apply a converging approach in order to strengthen social orientation of the Russian economy with due regard to integrative legal understanding.

legal doctrine, legal reality, property right, propedeutics, economy of law, legal environment, ontology of law, philosophy of law, natural-legal theory, positivism theory, socially-oriented economy, jurisprudence

1. Agamirov KV. Prognozirovanie pravovykh riskov : monografiya : v 2 t. [Forecasting legal risks: monograph: in 2 volumes. Moscow: Rusains Publishing; 2018. (In Russ.)

2. Albov AP, Ruchkina GF. Vliyanie natsionalnoy pravovoy kultury, natsionalnogo prava i pravovoy sistemy na ustoychivoe razvitie ekonomiki [The Influence of national legal culture, national law and legal system on sustainable development of economy]. Gosudarstvo i pravo [State and Law]. 2016;1:47—58. (In Russ.)

3. Alekseev SS. Tayna prava. Ego ponimanie, naznachenie, sotsialnaya tsennost [The mystery of law. Its understanding, purpose, social value]. Moscow: Norma Publishing; 2001. (In Russ.)

4. Arkhipov VV. Virtualnoe pravo: osnovnye problemy novogo napravleniya yuridicheskikh issledovaniy [Virtual Law: the main problems of the new direction of legal research]. Pravovedenie. 2013;1:93—114. (in Russ.)

5. Ashmarina EM, Ruchkina GF. Ekonomicheskoe pravo kak innovatsionnaya tekhnologiya rossiyskoy pravovoy nauki [Economic Law as Innovative Technology of the Russian Legal Science]. Voprosy ekonomiki i prava [Economic and Law Issues]. 2011;7:27—53. (In Russ.)

6. Baranov PP. Problemy ontologii prava [Problems of ontology of law]. Filosofiya prava [Philosophy of Law]. 2015;3:97—103. (In Russ.)

7. Gadzhiev GA. Ontologiya prava : (kriticheskoe issledovanie yuridicheskogo kontsepta deystvitelnosti) : monografiya. [Ontology of Law: (a critical study of the legal concept of validity): monograph]. Moscow: Norma : Infra-M Publishing; 2013. (In Russ.)

8. Lushnikov AM. Problemy ontologii yuridicheskoy nauki (na primere nauki «trudovoe pravo») [Problems of ontology of the legal science (Labor Law case study). Vestnik YarGU [Vestnik Yaroslavskogo Gocudarstvennogo Universiteta im. P. G. Demidova]. 2015;2:40—43. (In Russ.)

9. Orekhov AM, Skachko VM. Filosofiya sobstvennosti kak predposylka propetologii [Philosophy of ownership as a precondition of propetology]. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya : Filosofiya [RUDN Journal of Phylosophy]. 2015;1:163—175. (In Russ.)

10. Ponyatie metafiziki v klassicheskoy i postklassicheskoy filosofii [The concept of metaphysics in classical and postclassical philosophy] [cited 2019 May 1]. Available from: http://helpiks.org/6-83639.html.

11. Salnikov EV. Filosofiya prava : kurs lektsiy [Philosophy of law: A course of lectures]. Orel: Orlovsky Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; 2008. (In Russ.)

12. Soto E. Zagadka kapitala. Pochemu kapitalizm torzhestvuet na zapade i terpit porazhenie vo vsem ostalnom mire [The mystery of capital. Why capitalism triumphs in the West and suffers defeat in the rest of the world]. Moscow: Olimp-biznes Publishing [Internet]. 2004 Jul [cited 2019 Jul 2]. Available from: http://baguzin.ru/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/.pdf. (In Russ.)