The System of Occupational Risks Assessment and Management: Problems of Legal Regulation

Review. The problem of finding ways of conceptual changes in understanding occupational safety as the system of preserving life and health of workers in recent years can be traced both in studies by Russian jurists, and statutory documents of program policy and legal nature. The main task of a new occupational health and safety management system has become a transition to professional risk assessment and management. The quality solution of this task can be achieved by transforming the National institute of occupational risk management in line with internationally recognized trends. This article contains a comparative analysis of models of legal regulation of systems of occupational risk assessment and management, used in the coordinate system of the international and European labour law regulation and in Russian labour law. The author formulates a conclusion on significant distinctions between the specified models which arose due to the differences in interpretations of "professional risk" concept in European and Russian legal traditions. The paper considers the perspectives of development of the National Institute of occupational safety in the management of occupational risks, with emphasis on the need for updating and maintaining the established legal framework, "hosting" occupational risks management system, in part of the implementation of procedures of identifying and assessing occupational risks (in particular, the risks of psycho-physiological nature) and the risks associated with the implementation of labour (professional) obligations, conditions of exercising internal control (self-control) of adherence to labour laws and other regulatory legal acts containing rules of labour law. Enshrinement in labour legislation of a new concept of labour protection, based on the idea of management of risks damage to the health of workers, will entail adjustments to a number of existing legal norms, fundamentally contradicting it. With the introduction of a special procedure for assessing working conditions the legal rules on the reduction of working time and the procedure for granting additional leave for those working in hazardous or dangerous conditions have changed: "time" protection of persons working in such conditions may be replaced by monetary compensation, that is not a satisfactory way of preventing the onset of occupational risk. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the importance of achieving the conceptual integrity of the legislation in the spirit of the predominance of preventive measures in the legal regulation of labour protection.

occupational risk, danger, labour (professional) obligations, preventive measures, compensatory measures, safety, health, psycho-physiological risk, special assessment of working conditions, conceptual integrity

1. Бикметов Р. И. Правовые последствия пренебрежения понятийным аппаратом при разработке и реализации Федерального закона от 28.12.2013 № 426-ФЗ «О специальной оценке условий труда» // Трудовое право в России и за рубежом. - 2015. - № 4.

2. Курсова О. А., Плужник И. Л. Правовой идеал и правовой вакуум: к вопросу о защите работника от психологического насилия в России // Российский журнал правовых исследований. - 2015. - № 3 (4).

3. Левашов С. П. Мониторинг и анализ профессиональных рисков в России и за рубежом / под ред. И. И. Манило. - Курган, 2013.

4. Лушников А. М. Право работника на охрану труда: новые подходы // Социальное и пенсионное право. - 2009. - № 1.

5. Лютов Н. Л., Герасимова Е. С. Вопросы соответствия международным нормам законодательства России в сфере безопасности и гигиены труда // Трудовое право в России и за рубежом. - 2014. - № 3.

6. Серёгина Л. В. Концептуальные подходы к охране труда в Российской Федерации // Журнал российского права. - 2015. - № 11.

7. Сыченко Е. Защита работников от психосоциальных рисков: опыт Европы и его применимость в России. Часть II: Охрана работника от психологического преследования (домогательства) // Трудовое право. - 2014. - № 8.

8. Чеботнягин И. В. Эффективность правового обеспечения реформы охраны труда: теоретико-правовые и отраслевые аспекты // Закон. - 2013. - № 1.

9. Черняева Д. В. Новая концепция охраны труда // Трудовое право. - 2006. - № 11.

10. Черняева Д. В. Российская система охраны труда в свете ратификации Конвенции МОТ № 187 // Трудовое право. - 2011. - № 3.