The Legal Regimes of Artificial Land Plots and Related Objects

The paper deals with the legal issues of the complex use of artificial land plots together with real estate objects located on them and other related (natural) objects. The legal parameters of the use of these objects as a whole should constitute a single ecological and legal regime that is aimed at the implementation of the social function of the development of territories by their owners. The formation and development of this ecological and legal regime requires the use of both administrative and civil legal means in the course of legal procedures for the creation and use of facilities. As the social function (development of the territory) is implemented, there is a gradual change in the legally significant properties of the objects being created and used (documentation, construction objects, immovable things) that are combined into property complexes for certain legal purposes. Environmental legal relations for the creation of these complexes and their use arise and they are further transformed based on a set of legal facts and actual structures, in the structure of which an administrative agreement on the creation of an artificial land plot is of key importance. An administrative contract is used as a legal means to regulate relations concerning the complex development of the territory, a special case of which is the creation of an artificial land plot and the construction of real estate on it. The terms of the administrative agreement concerning the creation of an artificial land plot should determine the mechanisms for the public authority to take actions to ensure the planning of the territory, assistance in obtaining permits for the construction of facilities and their commissioning, participation in accounting and registration procedures and the performance of other public duties. In pursuance of the administrative contract, a single immovable complex should be created from an artificial land plot and buildings and structures located on it.

1. Averchenko NN. Pravovoy rezhim slozhnykh veshchey: avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk [The legal regime of complex things: Author’s Abstract]. St. Petersburg; 2005. (In Russ.).

2. Bevzenko RS. Zemelnyy uchastok s postroykami na nem (chast pervaya) [Land Plot with the Structures on it (First Part)]. Civil Law Abstract. 2017;1:9-36. (In Russ.).

3. Belov VA. Imushchestvennye kompleksy: ocherk teorii i opyt dogmaticheskoy konstruktsii po rossiyskom grazhdanskomu pravu [Property complexes: an essay on the theory and experience of dogmatic construction in Russian civil law]. Moscow: Tsentr YurInfoR Publ.; 2004. (In Russ.).

4. Vedenin AA. Ponyatie «edinyy nedvizhimyy kompleks» (problemy pravoprimeneniya) [The Concept of «a Unified Real Estate Complex» (Problems of Enforcement)]. Bulletin of the Saratov State Law Academy. 2018;5(124):199-207. (In Russ.).

5. Gerasin SI. Problemy formirovaniya edinogo obekta nedvizhimosti v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Problems of formation of a single real estate object in the Russian Federation]. In: Ikonitskaya IA, editor. The right of ownership of land in Russia and the EU: legal problems: collection of articles. Moscow: Volters Kluwer; 2009. (In Russ.).

6. Dugi L. Obshchie preobrazovaniya grazhdanskogo prava so vremeni kodeksa Napoleona [General transformations of civil law since the Napoleonic Code]. Moscow: State Publishing House; 1919. (In Russ.).

7. Manssen G. Publichno-pravovoy dogovor v Germanii [Public Law Contract in Germany]. In: Gritsenko EV, Babelyuk EG, editors. Contract in public law: Collection of scientific articles. Moscow: Volters Kluwer; 2009. (In Russ.).

8. Maskayeva II. Subordinatsionno-pravovoy administrativnyy dogovor kak instrument publichno-chastnogo partnerstva v sfere gosudarstvennogo upravleniya [Subordination-legal administrative contract as a tool of public-private partnership in the field of public administration]. IKBFU’s Vestnik. 2008;9:100-106. (In Russ.).

9. Melnikov NN. Iskusstvennyy zemelnyy uchastok kak obekt pravovogo regulirovaniya grazhdanskogo i zemelnogo prava: voprosy teorii [An Artificial Land Plot as an Object of Legal Regulation of Civil and Land Law: Theoretical Questions]. Sovremennoe pravo. 2014;7:99-102. (In Russ.).

10. Melnikov NN. Iskusstvennyy zemelnyy uchastok: poisk universalnogo opredeleniya [An artificial land plot: search for a universal definition]. Journal of Russian Law. 2011;5:24-30. (In Russ.).

11. Melnikov NN. Osobennosti pravovogo regulirovaniya sozdaniya iskusstvennykh zemelnykh uchastkov [Features of legal regulation of the creation of artificial land plots]. Agrarian and Land Law. 2012;7:86-89. (In Russ.).

12. Melnikov NN. Ponyatie iskusstvennogo zemelnogo uchastka [The concept of an artificial land plot]. Business and Law. 2012;2:33-39. (In Russ.).

13. Mitskevich LA. Ocherki teorii administrativnogo prava: sovremennoe napolnenie: monografiya [Essays on the theory of administrative law: Modern content: Monograph]. Moscow: Prospekt Publ.; 2016. (In Russ.).

14. . Mozolin VP. Gosudarstvennaya korporatsiya vs aktsionernoe obshchestvo [State Corporation vs Joint-stock Company]. Journal of Russian Law. 2010;6:19-34. (In Russ.).

15. Mozolin VP. O makroi mikropravovom regulirovanii kompleksnykh imushchestvennykh otnosheniy v sfere ekonomiki [Macroand micro-legal regulation of complex property relations in the field of economics]. Journal of Russian Law. 2012;9:19-28. (In Russ.).

16. Mozolin VP. Pravo sobstvennosti v Rossiyskoy Federatsii v period perekhoda k rynochnoy ekonomike [Property Law in the Russian Federation during Transition to a Market Economy]. Moscow: Publishing House of the Institute of the State and Law of the RAS; 1992. (In Russ.).

17. Galinovskaya E, et al. Praktika primeneniya zakonodatelstva ob iskusstvennykh zemelnykh uchastkakh [The practice of applying legislation on artificial land plots]. Business and Law. 2017;11:3-48. (In Russ.).

18. Sorokin VD. Metod pravovogo regulirovaniya. Teoreticheskie problemy [The method of legal regulation. Theoretical problems]. In: Selected works. St. Petersburg: Yuridicheskiy tsentr-Press; 2005. (In Russ.).

19. Hohfeld UN. Nekotorye osnovnye yuridicheskie ponyatiya v prilozhenii k sudebnoy argumentatsii [Some basic legal concepts in the appendix to judicial argumentation]. In: Antonov MV, science editor. The fundamental legal concepts of Wesley N. Hohfeld. St. Petersburg: Alef-Press; 2016. (In Russ.).

20. Yagunova EE. K voprosu o strukture edinogo nedvizhimogo kompleksa [Structure of the Single Real Estate Complex System as an Issue for Debate On the issue of the structure of a single real estate complex]. Perm University Herald. Juridical Sciences. 2014;3(25):141-148. (In Russ.).