Factors-Threats to Information Security in the Extreme Transformations of the Russian State in the 20th Century

The authors of the paper make an attempt of a complex theoretical and historical analysis of factorsthreats to the national security of Russia in the information space. Within the framework of the problem statement, the urgency of the study of national security issues within the framework of the general theory of state and law is substantiated, the features forming the concept of a factor-threat to national security are developed. The attention is focused on the role of passionate personalities in the processes of destabilization of society. It is hypothesized that a two-tier structure of the information space as an object of information security, including deep (ideology) and surface levels, the modeled relationships between processes occurring at these levels. Analyzing the periods of extreme transformations of the Russian statehood (revolutions of 1917 and perestroika), the authors find the connection between the efficiency of political processes regulation and the presence of changes in the information space. It is suggested that there is a stable connection between legal regulation, scientific and technological progress and the state of protection of national interests. The emergence or increase in the availability of new technical means of disseminating information to the population inevitably leads to a lag in the regulation of relevant public relations, which, combined with certain political and social factors, jeopardizes national security. The forecast of development of a situation in the short-term prospect is given taking into account the development of the Internet. As a conclusion, the authors propose to focus on the development of a new model of information security regulation, based on the awareness of the loss of the effectiveness of traditional means and methods of legal regulation, which the state had previously. Having lost the monopoly on control over the surface level of information space, the state can and should ensure stability at the level of ideology.

1. Eisenstock I. Frantsuzskie pisateli v otsenkakh tsarskoy tsenzury [French writers in the evaluation of tsarist censorship]. Literaturnoe nasledstvo [Literary heritage]. 1939. Vol. 33. Pp. 769—858.

2. Antukhova E.A. «Arabskaya vesna»: novye mekhanizmy smeny avtoritarnykh politicheskikh rezhimov [“Arab spring”: new mechanisms of change of authoritarian political regimes]. Vestnik MGIMO-universiteta [Vestnik MGIMO University]. 2015. No. 2. Pp. 201—209.

3. Babyuk M.I. Otechestvennaya zhurnalistika v period perestroyki: transformatsiya politicheskikh i sotsiokulturnykh funktsiy [Local journalism in the period of perestroika: transformation of political and socio-cultural functions]. Istoriya otechestvennykh SMI [History of domestic media]. 2012. No. 1. Pp. 5—10.

4. Bastrykin A.I. Korruptsiya kak odin iz faktorov ugrozy natsionalnoy bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Corruption as one of the factors of threat to national security of the Russian Federation]. Pravo i bezopasnost [Law and security]. 2011. No. 3—4. Pp. 5—8.

5. Burlakova R.I. Pravovoe regulirovanie tsenzury pechati v Rossii v XVIII — nachale XX veka: avtoref. dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk [Legal regulation of press censorship in Russia in 18th-early 20th century: Abstract of the PhD Thesis]. Moscow, 2004. 26 p.

6. Bushuev V.A. Ponyatie natsionalnoy bezopasnosti v otechestvennom i zarubezhnom gosudarstvenno-pravovom diskurse [The concept of national security in the domestic and foreign state-legal discourse]. Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki [Izvesiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences]. 2013. No. 6. Pp. 179—185.

7. Domnikova V.V. Razgranichenie prestupleniy i grazhdanskikh pravonarusheniy po Russkoy Pravde [The distinction between crimes and civil offences under the Russian Justice]. Vestnik moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 11: Pravo [Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Series 11: Law]. 2013. No. 3. Pp. 88—97.

8. Maksimova O.D. Revolyutsionnoe pravosoznanie kak istochnik sovetskogo prava i zakonotvorchestva [Revolutionary legal consciousness as a source of Soviet law and lawmaking]. Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kulturologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Historical, philosophical, political and legal sciences, cultural studies and art history. Issues of theory and practice]. 2014. No. 9 : in 2 parts. Part II. Pp. 8—94.

9. Nesterov A.A. Stanovlenie radioveshchaniya v postsovetskoy Rossii [Formation of radio broadcasting in postSoviet Russia]. Izvestiya Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta imeni A.I. Gertsena [Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences]. 2008. No. 51. Pp. 74—77.

10. Pogodin A.V. Problemy poznaniya obektivnogo prava [Problems of knowledge of objective law]. Problemy teorii prava i pravorealizatsii: uchebnik [Problems of theory of law and legal realization: A Textbook]. Edited by L.T. Bakulina. Moscow: Statut Publ., 2017. 384 p.

11. Pogodin A.V. Problemy teorii i praktiki pravovogo nigilizma v sovremennoy Rossii [Problems of theory and practice of legal nihilism in modern Russia]. Pravo i gosudarstvo: teoriya i praktika [Law and the state: theory and practice]. 2016. No. 5. Pp. 6—11.

12. Pyanov N.A. Aktualnye problemy teorii gosudarstva i prava: uchebnoe posobie [Current problems of theory of the state and law: A Study Guide]. Irkutsk: Izd-vo Irkut. gos. un-ta [Irkutsk University Publishing House], 2007. 253 p.

13. Romashov R.A. Internet kak bazisnoe osnovanie tsifrovogo gosudarstva (digital state) [Internet as the basis of digital state (digital state)]. Evraziyskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal [Eurasian legal journal]. 2016. No. 12. Pp. 174—178.

14. Romashov R.A. Tsifrovoe gosudarstvo (digital state) — novyy tip gosudarstva ili forma globalnogo mirovogo poryadka? [Digital state — a new type of state or a form of global world order?] Istoriya gosudarstva i prava [History of state and law]. 2017. No. 4. Pp. 3—11.

15. Savintseva M.I. SMI epokhi glasnosti i perestroyki [Media in the era of publicity and perestroika]. Trudy po intellektualnoy sobstvennosti [Proc. on intellectual property]. 2009. Vol. 9. No. 1. Pp. 267—276.

16. Semenova E.Yu. Periodicheskaya pechat i tsenzura v gody pervoy mirovoy voyny kak faktor formirovaniya mentaliteta rossiyskogo obshchestva (po materialam povolzhskikh guberniy) [Periodicals and censorship during the First world war as a factor in the formation of the mentality of the Russian society (based on the materials of the Volga provinces)]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiyskoy akademii nauk [Izvestia of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 2008. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 71—85.

17. Struykovatiy V.V. Fiktivnyy brak kak ugroza natsionalnoy bezopasnosti Rossii [Fictitious marriage as a threat to national security of Russia]. Globalizatsiya nauki: problemy i perspektivy. Sbornik statey po materialam mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (g. Irkutsk, 13 maya, 2017) [Globalization of science: challenges and prospects: Proc. Int. Sci. Pract. Conf. (Irkutsk, May 13, 2017). In 2 parts]. Irkutsk, 2017. Part 1. Pp. 80—85.

18. Sultygova L.Z. Samoderzhavie, pravoslavie i narodnost v rossiyskoy gosudarstvenno-pravovoy doktrine [Autocracy, Orthodoxy and nationality in the Russian state-legal doctrine]. Gumanitarnye i sotsialnye nauki [Humanities and Social Studies]. 2012. No. 1. Pp. 184—204.

19. Tonkonogov A.V. Informatsionno-psikhologicheskaya bezopasnost v sisteme dukhovnoy bezopasnosti sovremennoy Rossii [Information and psychological security in the system of spiritual security of modern Russia]. Vlast [Power]. 2010. No. 6. Pp. 53—56.

20. Shaypak L.A. Pechatnaya propaganda i agitatsiya kadetov, eserov, menshevikov i bolshevikov v armeyskikh strukturakh v gody pervoy mirovoy voyny (na materialakh srednego Povolzhya) [Printed propaganda and agitation of cadets, esers, Mensheviks and Bolsheviks in the army structures during the First world war (on the materials of the Middle Volga region)]. Povolzhskiy pedagogicheskiy poisk [Volga pedagogical search]. 2012. No. 2. Pp. 64—72.

21. Shpakovskaya S.V. Istoricheskiy opyt informatsionnogo obespecheniya reform v Rossii [Historical experience of information support of reforms in Russia]. Nauka. Obshchestvo. Gosudarstvo [Nauka. Society. State]. 2014. No. 2. Pp. 170—176.