Modern means of committing computer crimes and patterns of their execution

The paper notes that the integration of modern information technologies in all spheres of human activity has led to the informatization and computerization of crime, when it is possible to commit almost any crime by means of computer tools and systems. There is a commonality of some elements of the mechanism of computer crimes, including information about the methods of these crimes.

Means of committing computer crimes are considered from the standpoint of a new private theory of information and computer support of forensic activities, the subject of which are the laws of occurrence, movement, collection and study of computer information in the investigation of crimes. The objects are computer tools and systems, especially forensic technologies of collection (detection, fixation, seizure) and research of these objects to obtain evidence and guidance information. From the modern point of view, the method of crime is determined by personality, subject and circumstances of the criminal attack, the system of actions of the subject, aimed at achieving the criminal goal and united by a single criminal plan. The means of a crime commitment are divided into fully structured, including preparation, commission and concealment, and incomplete, when one or two elements are absent. The formation of the means of a crime is influenced by objective and subjective factors, which determines the determinism and repeatability of the means of the crime.

The main means of computer crimes are considered: aimed at hiding unauthorized access to computer tools and systems; the use of Trojans for various purposes; infection of computer systems with viruses; the use of hardware and software systems for mass campaigns of malicious software distribution to mobile devices; computer attacks on local corporate networks, etc.

It is established that the criminalistic regularity of the formation and implementation of computer crimes is a mandatory stage of preparation for the crime, which at the same time includes actions to conceal the traces of the crime, i.e. the methods of computer crimes are fully structured

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