Convention Models of International Scientific and Technical Cooperation (Based on the Case Study of Marine Scientific Research)

First, an attempt to describe the models of international scientific and technical cooperation caused the need to refer to the concept of a “legal model.” As a result of the conducted research, it is established that the unifying aspect in the understanding of the essence of the legal model is that it functions in a certain way reflecting (describing) objects, processes or phenomena of legal life. Taking into account the forms of international cooperation, it is proposed to separate the conventional and institutional models of international scientific and technical cooperation. The institutional model to greater extent characterizes the status and activities of the actors. The conventional model primarily reflects a set of legal regulators of interaction between the subjects. However, it is not limited to international treaties and customs, but also includes acts containing rules of soft law. In order to describe the conventional model of international scientific and technical cooperation in the field of marine research, the concept of “marine scientific research” has been analyzed, as well as the analysis of the development of the institution under consideration within the framework of the international law of the sea regulating the interaction between subjects of international law and other actors in the field of marine scientific research and the exchange of technology has been carried out. As a result, it is established that the conventional model of international scientific and technical cooperation in the field of marine scientific research is based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 and includes, as appropriate, bilateral and multilateral international treaties and agreements, decisions and resolutions of competent international organizations, as well as numerous instruments containing rules of soft law aimed at focusing on the various aspects of interaction.

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